Care of Confused Client | Case Study

Care of Confused Client | Case Study CARE OF A CONFUSED CLIENT Customer PROFILE Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infection spread through body liquids and impacts cells of the insusceptible framework called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV wrecks these cells lessening the body’s capacity to battle disease. At the point when this happens the HIV infection is then knows as (AIDS). At the point when a customer has AIDS they can have side effects, for example, absent mindedness, disarray and trouble focusing. This happens when the HIV infection has contaminated the mind causing a condition known as AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC). At the point when a customer presents with ADC as a social insurance supplier the key parts of reviewing these customers care plans would have a solid accentuation on security. (Communities for illness control and counteraction 2014) John not his genuine name for security reasons is a customer who as of late introduced to the office where I work with AIDS and has been giving indications of ADC which has made his home life exceptionally difficult to oversee and progressively perilous. The ADC has left John with scenes of disarray. As another customer I should initially assemble Johns care designs as they are imperatively significant in deciding Johns care. These consideration designs additionally help the multidisciplinary group guarantee Johns mental and physical requirements are met. As a befuddled customer, John may come up short on the ability to process the fundamental exercises of every day living (ADL). Thusly as a human services supplier I would likewise need to go about as a backer to guarantee his needs were met. This can be guaranteed on an everyday premise by picking up the regard of John and by including him and by picking up his assent on any choices concerning his consideration. This may incorporate executing all significant consideration plans. John’s individual cleanliness is significant in advancing his positive mental self view. This can be accomplished by the accompanying advances: Continuously guarantee his hands are washed subsequent to toileting His face is washed every day He has ordinary showers or showers His teeth are brushed twice every day John might not have any desire to permit me to complete a portion of these obligations yet to facilitate the circumstance I may find a way to help in Johns care. Utilize lovely smelling cleanser, bubble shower or cleanser Play music that John likes Continuously clarify as you complete errands Be touchy to Johns state of mind Continuously check latrine to guarantee it is in working request and the restroom isn't excessively cold Enquire how John likes to have these assignments finished (ie shower or shower) Continuously let john help as much as possible Nourishment care is likewise significant on the grounds that the more advantageous John is truly the less confounded he may turn into. This can be accomplished by guaranteeing John eats standard suppers. Now and again on the grounds that John is confounded he will won't eat so it is significant the nutritionist is educated so as to give supplements which can substitute to strong nourishments. This is crucially significant as to coercively feed customers is untrustworthy so accordingly it would be increasingly gainful to energize supplement drinks. A urinary yield and solid discharge outline is likewise a basic piece of Johns care plan as it helps the multidisciplinary group manage John’s real capacities to keep him from getting obstruction or lack of hydration which would leave John who is befuddled progressively confounded. Once in a while John might not be able to control his own admission of solids or fluids (ie to an extreme or excessively little) so it is significant for a liquid and solids outline to help balance his real needs. Falls chance evaluations ought to likewise be finished and placed by and by to guarantee Johns security when he is doing his fundamental exercises of day by day living. Continuously help John when he is going to restroom or moving starting with one zone then onto the next Guarantee restroom is away from mess when taking John to washroom for washing or toileting Expel all messiness from Johns bedside (ie guarantee all links are cleaned away and strolling outline if necessary is inside his span ) Guarantee John has reasonable footwear (ie great fitting with elastic bottoms to forestall slips) Guarantee all washroom fittings are steady and in great working request Legitimate handrails are set up to help Johns needs Strolling to and from washroom is without messiness Different concerns I may have for John is the danger of him building up a weight sore. Befuddled/Immobile customers like John are progressively helpless to pressure bruises through poor sustenance admission and diminished portability. Measures set up by the multidisciplinary group to forestall these bruises are pressure mitigating pads, sleeping cushions and customary checking, and turning of John as to help his dissemination. The Waterlow scale additionally assumes significant job in figuring out who is in danger of building up a weight sore. Every one of these measures set up will improve the physical prosperity of John anyway as medicinal services bolster laborers we should give all encompassing consideration to John including his social and mental prosperity. One part of all encompassing consideration is guaranteeing John’s otherworldly needs are met. This may fluctuate from individual to individual and as a carer we should never be inclination towards a client’s individual conviction. John’s pride is fundamentally significant however this may need since he now and again gets befuddled in this way I should go about as a supporter and guarantee his privileges and respect are met. Straightforward measures can incorporate creation sure security is given when going to individual cleanliness needs. On occasion John may do not have the capacity to have the option to stand securely. Subsequently a lift may must be utilized. This could be a startling encounter for John so as the carer it is fundamental to utilize great imparting abilities to console him of his wellbeing and respect by guaranteeing the shade is drawn at these occasions. Ordinary checks of John to guarantee he remains appropriately dressed in order to forestall shame for him or his friends and family during visiting times. As John’s carer I would consistently clarify and include him in dynamic including his apparel when dressing or the kind of food he wants to eat as not to assume I could pick since he some of the time gets befuddled. At the point when a customer has ADC the typical treatment is a medication mixed drink called profoundly dynamic antiretroviral treatment (HAART) which diminishes the measure of HIV in the blood decreasing the harm to the mind. As a carer it is significant I screen the utilization of this drug as John would neglect to take it or take excessively. Other significant factors in rewarding an individual with ADC are to assist John with animating his brain by spurring him with pastimes that he is keen on. It is likewise critical to guarantee the family remember John for get-togethers, for example, birthday events, weddings or any occasion for which he could go to cooperate. Connection, inspiration and different treatments that are altogether gainful in reorienting a befuddled client.(WebMD2014) On end by including John in dynamic and executing the pertinent consideration plans I the carer will guarantee all encompassing safe mind and upgrade his capacity to recuperate or deal with his sickness. This is accomplished through acceptable correspondence trough the multidisciplinary group continually recollecting that John and Johns family are the most significant factor of the group. Book reference Site pages Communities for malady control and avoidance (2014) what is hiv [online],available:http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/rudiments/whatishiv.html[12/12/2014]. Webmd(2014)hiv and dementia [online],available:http://www.webmd.com/hiv-helps/direct/hiv-dementia[9/12/2014]. COARSE MATERIAL Innovative preparing (2013)†healthcare right hand traineeship†,5n2770:care abilities, Dublin:solas. [Type text][Type text] Does Population Growth Pose Threats To Humanity? Does Population Growth Pose Threats To Humanity? Over the previous decades, populace development has developed fundamentally and the earths assets are not recharging sufficiently quick to stay aware of the development rate. Increment in populace had squeezed the earths assets as they are being utilized more. Over the top populace has prompted blockage, poor day to day environments, contamination, and general ecological debasement. Research Purpose The primary motivation behind this paper is to decide how populace development is influenced the manner in which we live, our condition and therefore, the supportability of keeps an eye on exercises. for example will the impacts of these exercises affect the limit of the earth to support humankind? Technique for request The technique for request for this paper will be writing audit. Different literary works by various creators will be utilized to decide if populace development poses a danger to mankind. Constraints of the examination The investigation was constrained with the impacts of populace development on mankind. Working definitions Mankind Refers to the human species Populace Number of species possessing a zone at a particular time Over populace Overpopulation alludes to the state where an animal varieties occupying a territory put focus on the biological systems as the environments can not, at this point have the option to continue the populace Populace development Refers to the expansion in the number of inhabitants in a specific territory after some time. Ecological corruption Refers to the decay of the condition of the earth because of keeps an eye on exercises. Extent of Inquiry This paper will cover works of different writers who have composed on populace development, over populace and the impacts of populace development on the earth. Writing Review Impacts of populace development on the earth Thomas Malthus contended that methods for resource influenced the expansion or reduction of a populace. Malthus originally carried the populace issue to consideration; he raised the issue of food supplies and arithmetical proportions. As per Malthus, while populace expanded geometrically, food assets would just increment mathematically. After some time, this hypothesis has demonstrated to be valid as in populace will in general increment if individuals have the methods for resource to keep up the populace. for example as people groups methods for resource increment, they altogether increment in po

Maillard Reaction and Why Foods Brown

Maillard Reaction and Why Foods Brown The Maillard response is the name given to the arrangement of substance responses between amino acids and lessening sugars that causes searing of nourishments, for example, meats, breads, treats, and brew. The response is likewise utilized in dreary tanning formulas. Like caramelization, the Maillard response produces sautéing with no catalysts, making it a sort of non-enzymatic response. While caramelization depends entirely on warming sugars, heat isn't really required for the Maillard response to happen and proteins or amino acids must be available. Numerous nourishments earthy colored because of a mix of caramelization and the Maillard response. For instance, when you toast a marshmallow, the sugar carmelizes, yet it likewise responds with the gelatin through the Maillard response. In different nourishments, enzymatic sautéing further convolutes the science. Despite the fact that individuals have realized how to brown food essentially since the disclosure of fire, the procedure was not given a name until 1912, when French scientific expert Louis-Camille Maillard portrayed the response. Science of the Maillard Reaction The particular concoction responses that cause food to brown rely upon the synthetic arrangement of the food and a large group of different variables, including temperature, sharpness, the nearness or nonappearance of oxygen, the measure of water, and the time took into consideration the response. Numerous responses are happening, making new items that themselves start responding. Several unique atoms are created, changing the shading, surface, flavor, and fragrance of food. When all is said in done, the Maillard response follows these means: The carbonyl gathering of a sugar responds with the amino gathering of an amino corrosive. This response yields N-subbed glycosylamine and water.The insecure glycosylamine structures ketosamines through the Amadori reworking. The Amadori reworking signals the beginning of the responses that cause browning.The ketosamine may respond to shape reductones and water. Earthy colored nitrogenous polymers and melanoidins might be delivered. Different items, for example, diacetyl or pyruvaldehyde may frame. In spite of the fact that the Maillard response happens at room temperature, heat atâ 140 to 165  °C (284 to 329  °F) guides the response. The underlying response between the sugar and the amino corrosive is supported under basic conditions.

How to Find a Good Business Idea

How to Find a Good Business Idea When I talk to people about generating a business idea, most of them tell me that they find it hard to come up with a good business idea. © Shutterstock.com | Brian A JacksonI want to show you two approaches that improve your chances to come up with a business idea worth executing. The bottom-up approach finds a good business idea by looking at individual business models while the top-down approach first finds interesting industries to enter and then identifies promising business models in that specific industry.THE BOTTOM-UP APPROACHThis is the most often used method for generating a business idea and works by looking at individual ideas that can be found via the following channels.1. STARTUP RELATED WEBSITES AND BLOGS there are tons of websites out there that cover startup stories, innovative business models or funding news. Here is a short list that might be helpful for you.Techcrunch international startup news and interviewsVenturebeat international news on startups and venture capitalGruenderszene German startup monitorDeutsche Startups German startupsMashable international startup newsTech in Asia focus o n Asian tech startupsThe Next Web international startup newsArctic Startup Startup news from Finland, Sweden and Norwayventureburn Startups in emerging marketsavc thoughts on startups and venture capitalIf you have further suggestions for websites or blogs that identify new and upcoming startups, then please share them in the facebook comment box at the bottom of this post2. TALK TO INDUSTRY INSIDERS by talking to people about what business models and companies are disrupting their industry or at least which of them have a very non-standard go-to-market approach you can come up with a business idea.THE TOP-DOWN APPROACHMost people dont know about this method, except when they are working in venture capital or private equity. ?? Basically, you look at  BROAD INDUSTRY SEGMENTS and  define distinct industry segments and their sub-segments. See the following examples:Classifieds (e.g. cars, real estate, jobs)Dating (e.g. young people, people older than 45, academics)SaaS (e.g. cust omer relationship management, HR, accounting, online marketing)Advertising (e.g. mobile advertising, banner advertising, in-game advertisingRestaurants (e.g. Mexican food, Italien food, Chinese food)1  INDUSTRY SEGMENT ECONOMICS the next step is looking at each sub-segments economics.Market size (e.g. €1 billion); this means how much money is spent by businesses and consumers in this specific sub-segment this yearMarket growth (e.g. 5% per year); by how much are the purchases expected to increase over the next yearsProfit margins (e.g. gross margin of 60%, total contribution margin of 20%); how much profit are you making with every sale, what is the total contribution margin, or what is the net income marginFixed asset structure; here you need to check whether operating in this sub-segment required you to heavily invest in fixed assets (machinery, buildings)Required investment to enter the market; you need to ask yourself how much money you will need for entering the sub-segment successfully. The amount is determined by your fixed asset structure and by other required investments (e.g. inventory, excessive advertising, sales force) to create a value proposition2 INDUSTRY SEGMENT DRIVING FORCES in addition you need to understand what is basically driving each sub-segment, so you know which factors are important for building successful companies.Legal requirements; some industries like insurance, pharmaceuticals and banking require compliance with many laws which also apply to you as an entrepreneur.Business relationships; some industries like mergers acquisitions, private equity and consulting require extensive relationships with key industry players which makes it harder for new businesses to enter.RD and Intellectual property; some industries like pharmaceuticals are heavily driven by intellectual property meaning that they wont sell their products without intellectual property which requires spending a lot on research and development of new products.Onc e you are done with understanding the economics and driving forces of each sub-segment you know which markets look promising. The next step then is to identify unique business models within the choosen sub-segment that have a promising comparative advantage over existing competitors.NO MATTER WHICH APPROACH YOU CHOOSE; NEXT STEP FOR FINDING A GOOD BUSINESS IDEACongratulations! Whether you followed the bottom-up or top-down approach, now you should have a list of promising startup ideas.In order to further enhance these business models, I strongly recommend using a technique that I call COMBINATORICS and works like this.1. IDENTIFYING MODULES IN THE VALUE CHAIN you need to deconstruct the current value chain of the promising business idea including the associated costs and value to the customer which might look like this.Sourcing (Costs: $25, Value: $40)Manufacturing (Costs: $70, Value: $75)Storage (Costs: $5, Value: $3)Advertising (Costs: $20, Value: $25)Customer service (Costs: $4 0, Value: $70)TOTAL COSTS $160 TOTAL VALUE $213 = PROFIT $532. EXCHANGING MODULES now the creative part of finding a good business idea starts. Lets have some fun ?? Now, you want to find options for exchanging modules in the current value chain. Lets assume you found the following modul options via brain storming, exchanging ideas with industry experts and doing research.Just-in-time delivery with associated costs of $1 and value to the customer of $3 might dominate our storage module.Online customer service would cost us only $10 while the perceived value to the customer would decrease to $60.When we exchange the related modules from the current value chain, we will have a unique business model with the corresponding value chain and improved profitability.Sourcing  (Costs: $25, Value: $40)Manufacturing  (Costs: $70, Value: $75)Just-in-time delivery (Costs: $1, Value: $3)Advertising  (Costs: $20, Value: $25)Online customer service  (Costs: $10, Value: $60)TOTAL COSTS $126 TOTAL VALUE $203 = PROFIT $77Short summary:The bottom-up and top-down approaches helped you to identify a promising business idea while COMBINATORICS helped you to create an unique business model that has a competitive advantage. Yiehaa! How did you come up with your business idea? Please tell us on our facebook fan page  or on linkedin.ENTREPRENEURIAL INSIGHTSHeiko Hubertz, founder of  BigPoint (1) How I found my business idea?Im a huge football fan, so when I was still at university, I started coding a small football management game to play with my friends. Since we needed to cover server costs, I came up with the idea that every player transfer would cost a small amount of money for a famous football player. This was how the idea of virtual item selling started. To my own surprise, this made the whole game very compelling and soon we had more and more friends joining us. It was obvious to me that this is a concept that could work in a much broader scale, and with many different games and genres. A couple of years later, Im very happy to say that the success I had with Bigpoint proved me right!(2) My advice for people interested in finding a good business idea?On the one hand, I believe you really need to have a st rong passion for something. This is crucial to know the in and outs of your future product or service and to cope with the long work hours, the setbacks and challenges you might face on your road to success. On the other hand it is important to be able to reflect on your work and make your decisions with a down-to-earth approach so you dont invest in something you personally love when there is no market. So, in a nutshell: Be passionate about something! Be willing to take risks! Always reflect yourself. And dont surrender easily.

Peculiarities of Quality Management

Peculiarities of Quality Management Quality management is a sort of innovative phenomenon. It is based not only on the quality of the service or product but also on all possible methods of its achievement. It is well-known that quality management has three key components: quality control, quality improvement and quality assurance. Therefore, quality management includes quality assurance and process control to ensure high quality. Quality management is considered to be one of the hardest aspects to control. A number of goals are set behind the concept of quality management, such as: improvement of the business process, optimization of the business performance and maximization of profit. Definition of quality is based upon the explanation that quality is an excellence degree. When the question is about management, the conducting or supervising of anything is meant. Therefore, we can define the notion of quality management itself. Thus, quality management is the process of supervising of the excellence degree. The majority of companies try to achieve a certain excellence degree without wasting a lot of money. Since the quality management is the coordinated activity which consists of the guiding and controlling of the quality organization, it covers a number of management principles presented below: Customer focus. Leadership. People participation. Process approach. Management system approach. Steady improvement. Firm decision making. Favorable supplier affairs. Consequently, we can draw a conclusion that quality management is an integral part of the general management aspect which helps your business to carry on and for the customers to stay satisfied. It is highly important to develop a steady balance of cost and quality in order to achieve success. If good and experienced management quality staff is at your disposal, your business will go up and no fail will ever be observed. Every company decision should be made in strict accordance with the principles presented above. Keep in mind that a great number of factors can influence the outcome of the decision. Moreover, there is no doubt that good management involves the ability to balance these aspects by means of the established and tested processes and sound logic.

The American Civil Liberties Union - 1418 Words

When Americans first set their eyes on the 20th century, they hoped for a better life without war and a prospering economy. This vision of freedom and liberty in America was quite bold, knowing there were challenges ahead. There’s always a price to pay and obstacles to go through when the circumstances are not ideal. During the early 1900s, our country was evolving and starting a new era. An era where blacks were no longer slaves, civil rights movements were occurring, and citizens were having issues with the law. It was a moment in time that helped us understand why these events occurred. From those events, wars, and movements, we can learn and improve from any flaws we may encounter. As a nation, we will be better prepared and aware of these scenarios because we reflect on our country’s past. During World War I, the Progressives, who are a political party later called the American Civil Liberties Union, talked about our individual rights as citizens and the liberty we fought for. Before we entered the war, our legal rights were taken away, and left many in the U.S very upset and worried. â€Å"In 1917, a group of Pacifists, Progressive shocked by wartime attacks on freedom of speech, and lawyers outraged at what they considered violations of Americans’ legal rights formed the Civil Liberal Bureau.† (The Fight for Civil Liberties, pg. 135). With no one saying anything or speaking up, it put people in the position to be concerned because they weren’t allowed to say whatShow MoreRelatedThe American Civil Liberties Union1714 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Civil Liberties Union is a large and influential non-profit organization that was founded in 1920. The American Civil Liberties Union is a nonpartisan group that serves to protect the individual rights and liberties of American citizens and is considered a powerful interest group, especially within movements that advocate civil rights and civil liberty. Ginsberg, Lowi, W eir, and Tolbert define interests group as â€Å"individuals who organize to influence the government’s program and policies†Read MoreThe American Civil Liberties Union1639 Words   |  7 Pagesgoverned on what white men could do. It had no rights for men of different races. This went on to show that we needed a section that could relate to the people of the states, so that their freedom was protected in this new Constitution. (American Civil Liberties Union) This debate of do we need to include a Bill of Rights for the everyday citizens of the states went on for four years. The Federalists did not think we needed a Bill of Rights because they did not believe in giving the people of the statesRead MoreThe American Civil Liberties Union1155 Words   |  5 Pages According to Carl Takei, a staff attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, ICE has somewhat complied with President Obama’s mandates. They have released documents on cases of medical negligence leading to deaths but only to people who ask under the Freedom of Information Act. The purpose of President Obama’s mandated reviews was to improve the medical care of the next person. Through investigation by the American Civil Liberties Union, ICE was found to not use these reviews for betteringRead MoreThe American Civil Liberties Union1233 Words   |  5 Pagesthe judicial system is the obvious bias in criminal sentencing in the court. Many studies support the conclusion that people of color are sentenced longer in prison for the same crime as a white person (McElrath, Tran, and Taylor 2). The American Civil Liberties Union released data and specific cases that contribute to this topic. Kenneth Rouse, a Black man, was tried by an all-white jury after the prosecutor eliminated every eligible Black juror from the panel. This is a common discrepancy in theRead MoreThe American Civil Liberties Union1630 Words   |  7 Pagesin incarnations by placing many people in jail more than the last four decades. Mostly because of the war on drugs. So far whites and blacks have been involved in many drug offenses, possession and sales, at a very comparable rate. â€Å"While African Americans comprise 13% of the US population and 14% of monthly drug users they are 37% of the people arrested for drug offenses† (Marc Mauer). The police usually stop blacks and Latinos at rates higher than whites. Within New York City, the people of colorRead MoreAmerican Civil Liberties Union Of Michigan ( Aclu )1378 Words   |  6 Pagesinterest groups is the Flint water crisis. Although many local and global organizations seek to provide support and resources for the city of Flint, the three non-economic interest groups that will be discussed in this paper include the American Civil Liberties Union of Michigan (ACLU), the National Resources Defense Council (NRDC), and the Community Foundation of Greater Flint (CFGF). The approaches, stances, and effectiveness of these organizations will be interpreted, while recommendations aboutRead MoreAmerican Civil Liberties Union: Study Notes1252 Words   |  5 Pagesin American history. The African American community in particular has worked very diligently over the years to end segregation as a means to achieve equal rights for its entire constituent base. Body paragraph #1 - Topic Sentence #1- To begin, the African American community has obtained equal rights through collectivism. The African American community has always been close knit in response to oppression. Instead of disbanded as a result of turmoil and mass confusion, the African American communityRead MoreBlack Men And The American Civil Liberties Union1088 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to to the American Civil Liberties Union, California’s research shows that black men are three times more likely to be stopped and frisked than whites. (Quigley) Some may say that this topic is based on nothing but opinions. That is not true. There are facts behind the accusations made by so many people accusing law enforcement agents of being racist. The job of law enforcement is to serve and protect the people, showing no bias towards any specific race, but this is not always the caseRead MoreRacial Profiling And The American Civil Liberties Union1081 Words   |  5 Pages but the community may never know the whole tru th. The pain and misery caused by racial profiling greatly outweighs the positive aspects. Racial profiling is vastly different from criminal profiling. Racial profiling, as stated by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), â€Å"refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (â€Å"The Reality of Racial Profiling†). RacialRead MoreRacial Profiling And The American Civil Liberties Union998 Words   |  4 Pageshold a variety of meanings. As defined by the American Civil Liberties Union, however, racial profiling is the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin (â€Å"Racial Profiling†). Every day, blacks are stopped much more frequently for aimless searches and minor infractions than their white counterparts. Several African Americans share experiences like these, such as Roscoe

Unique Photographers Their Lives and Their Art Free Essays

From 1979 to present there have been many famous photographers, but there are three who really stick out: Jerry Uelsmann, Freeman Patterson, and Annie Slivovitz. These three photographers had very distinct photography and viewed photography as more than pictures but as pigments of emotions and feelings. These photographers are very famous for their pictures and one photographer is known for her help in third world countries. We will write a custom essay sample on Unique Photographers: Their Lives and Their Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first photographer that I would like to mention in my research paper will be Jerry Uelsmann. Uelsmann was born in Detroit on June 11th, 1934. Uelsmann acquired school degrees and actually went on to teach classes. He was an intelligent man, who knew exactly what he wanted to do in his life. When Uelsmann was 23 years old (1957) he received his B. F. A degree at the Rochester Institute of technology. When he was 26 (1960) he received his M. F. A at the Indiana University. In 1960 he received his first job offer to teach photography at the University of Florida in Gainesville. Jerry Uelsmann is also a member of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain. Jerry Uelsmann founded The American Society for Photographic Education. Jerry Uelsmann did mostly double exposures. When working a day in the darkroom Uelsmann would go through 50 sheets of photo paper, trying to find at least one or two prints that he liked. During a year, Uelsmann may produce one hundred and fifty images, and only fifteen of those one hundred and fifty images last through out the year. The fifteen prints that are left are the prints that had meaning to him. Sometimes he would draw sketches of the pictures he would like to develop, just to give him an idea of the kind of image he would like to create in his next photo. Jerry Uelsmann is not known for computer images but on a couple of his photographs he has used his Mac Intosh computer to enhance the prints. One photograph that he has computer enhanced is (â€Å"Man Walking on the Deskâ€Å"). Uelsmann decided to use a computer to alter this print because it amazed him; all the possibilities/creations that are available to him through a computer. The print that he altered with his computer is one of his most famous prints (â€Å"Man Walking on the Desk†) which was created in 1976, and then resurrected in the year 2000 to modify he print by scanning it on to his computer and dding a shadow to the man walking on the desk. He didn’t make a really big change to the photo but he could not have added the shadow in the darkroom so his computer gave him that possibility. The image (â€Å"Homage to Man Ray†) was completely done on his computer in 1999 and he printed it out on an Iris printer to give a shinny professional finish. Uelsm ann has done over one hundred solo shows in the United States in the past thirty years alone. In the past twenty-five years, Uelsmann has had over ten books devoted to him and his artwork. He has more than 15 museums around the world that display his art work, these include: The Victoria and Albert Museum in London, the Bibliotheque National in Paris, The National Gallery of Canada, and The National Galleries of Scotland. Other museums show casing his artwork are located in Paris, Australia and New York. Some of his work has been reproduced and put into international journals, magazines, books, newspapers and television shows (The Outer Limits) . Some books produced about Jerry Uelsmann and his art are Jerry N. Uelsmann Millerton, and Jerry Uelsmann: Silver Meditations by Dobbs Ferry. Jerry Uelsmann is experienced in his art and has created memorable and unique photos and has displayed them so that the world can see what kind of imagery he can produce. Freeman Patterson is another interesting photographer currently lives in Shamper’s Bluff, New Brunswick. As a child Freeman grew up on a farm in New Brunswick. This is one of the reasons why he won’t photograph vegetables; he’s seen to many of them and they have boundaries. Freeman has acquired school degrees including a honours degree in philosophy from Acadia University in Wolf Ville, Nova Scotia in 1959; and a Master of Divinity degree from the Columbia University in New York. At Alberta College, Freeman was the dean of religious studies, and in Toronto Patterson, worked at Berkley studio in 1966. In 1984 Freeman co-founded the Namaquland Photographic Works Shops in Africa. Freeman has given many workshops around the world, including countries such as the United States, New Zealand, Israel, and Australia. Since 1973 Freeman has also given many seminars in countries such as Canada, United States, New Zealand, Israel, and Australia. These seminars are about music, art, ecology, and education. Freeman Patterson produces his own books on photography and his artwork. Some books that he has published are â€Å"Photography for the Joy of itâ€Å", â€Å"Shadow Light: A Photographers Lifeâ€Å", â€Å"Photographing the World Around You and Portrait of Earthâ€Å". The books that he has made are not just to show off his artwork but also to demonstrate and give guidelines to new photographers. Patterson’s work has been in exhibitions, magazines, books and calendars. Photography is an interest to Patterson because pictures excite him. Patterson feels that he needs to be at ease with his camera in order to take good pictures, without the technicality of rules and formulas made by equipment. He also believes that good images are made carefully and take time, they don’t just happen. Patterson states that â€Å"In these images, subject matter is like potters clay – you mould it however you want†#. The pictures he likes best are those pictures where he can discover himself and those pictures that have no rules. Patterson thinks that a good photograph portrays the photographer and the image and for him most of his subjects have a symbolic meaning to him and he feels free to take any approach to the subject to make them a visual statement. Patterson believes that emotions and feelings come out in photography, so if the photographer is happy, they would take pictures of the warm colours from a sunset. He truly believes that photography is an expression of feelings. Many of Patterson’s photographs are plants like trees and wild flowers, which make him feel happy, and they are free and have no limitations. Patterson thinks that photography starts with subjects such as wild flowers, sunrises, children, motorcycle gangs, gothic cathedrals etc†¦ Freeman Patterson does both coloured and black and white prints. He also ventures into some double exposures. Patterson does a lot of his photographic work at his home in New Brunswick, but does travel to take photos and to teach others about photography. So Freeman Patterson is interactive with many of his admirers due to him giving seminars and producing his own books about photography, all of which also makes his photos unique and organized, with a sense of freedom in his prints. The next famous photographer is Annie Leibovit’s, who was born in West Port, Connecticut, in 1949. When Annie was 22 she received her Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the San Francisco Art Institute. At the age of 20 Annie was living in Israel and was helping in an archeologically dig near the famous Temple of King Solomon, where she took some photos of. After she received her BFA she continued to study with another photographer by the name of Ralph Gibson. Ralph Gibson taught her a few things about photography and he was an inspiration to the way she took some of her photographs. In Washington D. C Annie owns her own show called â€Å"Women†, which is located at the Corcoran Gallery of Art. In the past, Leibovitz has taken pictures of famous actresses such as a pregnant pose by Demi Moore and Jerry Hall breast-feeding her child. Annie photographed many people such as a former governor, two Supreme Court justices, an astronaut, a drag racer, and many more. Most of her artwork contains pictures of rock stars, fashion and advertising, and women. One of her most memorable photos is a naked picture of John Lennon and his fully clothed wife Yoko Ono in bed. This picture was taken two hours before John Lennon’s death in 1980. Since the 1980’s, Annie Leibovitz has taken many photographs of people living with Aids and photographs from a study of Sarajevo and its people. Leibovitz took pictures for magazine companies that she worked for such as: â€Å"Rolling Stonesâ€Å", â€Å"Vogue†, and â€Å"Vanity Fair†. Annie’s Photography career started in 1970 when she gave some samples of her work to the â€Å"Rolling Stone† magazine. Later on in the mid 1970’s she became the chief photographer for â€Å"Rolling Stone Magazine† as well a concert-tour photographer for â€Å"The Rolling Stones†. One of Leibovitz photographic projects was the book â€Å"Olympic Portraits†. This was an on going two-year project for her, that showcased athletes practicing for the Olympics. This book was published in 1996. Another project was a book published in 1999 of women’s photographs. Leibovitz artwork consists of using the whole subjects body captured in action (physically). One of the great things that Annie Leibovitz has experienced is that she is the first woman ever, and only the second living photographer to have her work shown in the National Gallery of Smithsonian Institute, in Washington D. C. which took place in 1991. Annie Leibovitz captures her effects with artificiality, flair and outrageousness, and that is what makes her artwork different from other portrait photographers. These photographers have lead remarkable lives and have evolved and developed throughout their lives. These changes are shown through their amazing photography work. Jerry Uelsmann, Annie Lei bovitz and Freeman Patterson’s unforgettable photos make them all so much different from any other photographers. Bibliography Ames, J. , Uelsmann Process and Perception, Florida: University Presses Of Florida, 1985. Anderson, J. , â€Å"Leibovitz, Annie†, Leibovitz, Annie An Encarta Encyclopaedia Article, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. encarta. msn. com/find/concise. asp Freeman, J. , â€Å"Jerry N. Uelsmann†, Jerry N. Uelsmann, [Internet], Sept 17, 2001. Available: http://www. arts. uf/edu/art/creative_photography/faculty/jerry_uelsmann/portfolio. shtml Ozeroff, W. , â€Å"Camera Looks Both Ways†, Freeman Patterson: Shadow Light – A Photographers Life, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. canoe. ca/jambooksreviewss/shadowlight_patterson. shtml Patterson, F. Photography For The Joy Of It, New York: Key Porter Books Ltd. , 1989. Squiers, C. , The Importance Of Women, American Photo: Hachette Filipacchi Magazines Inc. , March/April 2000. Unknown Author, â€Å"Annie Leibovitz Biography†, Annie Leibovitz Biography, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. shinegallery. com/anniebog. shtml Unknown Author, â€Å"Biographyâ₠¬ , Jerry Uelsmann’s Biography, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. uelsmann. com/bio. shtml Unknown Author, â€Å"Biography Freeman Patterson†, Freeman Patterson Biography, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. freemanpatterson. com/biograph. shtml Unknown Author, â€Å"Books By Freeman Patterson†, Photography Books By Freeman Patterson Presented By Webphoto. com, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. webphoto. com/book/patterson/ Unknown Author, â€Å"Jerry Uelsmann†, Apple – Apple Masters – Jerry Uelsmann, [Internet], Sept 17, 2001. Available: http://www. apple. com/applemasters/juelsmann Verzia, S. , â€Å"Annie Leibovitz Lou†, Annie Leibovitz, [Internet], Sept 19, 2001. Available: http://www. kuttara. gratex. sk/krajavicova/leib/annie_a. htm How to cite Unique Photographers: Their Lives and Their Art, Papers

Shakespeare Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet Essay Explain how Shakespeare makes act 1, scene 5 such a memorable experience for the audience. To what extent does this scene confirm the status of Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers? Act 1, scene 5 is a particularly memorable experience in Romeo and Juliet. Most importantly it marks the first meeting of the title characters to which the play has been building up too all the way till now. Shakespeare has put off the two lead characters meeting up till this point to heighten the expectancy and thus make it a more memorable scene. Shakespeare uses a sonnet to show hoe the characters are in harmony, again adding to the unforgettable nature of the scene. This scene also affirms the status of the characters as star-crossed lovers due too the two characters finding that there the person they have just fallen in love with is actually there sworn enemy. We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Language in this scene plays a big part in making it so memorable. Shakespeare uses imagery to show how Romeo feels about Juliet; he expresses his wonder upon seeing her in lines 43-52: Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear This line shows that Romeo clearly thinks Juliet is a beautiful woman and thinks of her as a thing too beautiful for earth. Romeo also says how dazzled he is by her beauty and can only stand in awe; As a rich jewel in an Ethiops ear This compares Juliet in the night too being as impressive and beautiful as that of a Jewell on black skin. Tybalts reaction, however, could not be more be more different when he spots Romeo. Tybalt uses short, blunt and too the point sentences in contrast to Romeos rich imagery. His words of insult create an extremely memorable point in the scene: fetch me a rapier, boy Line 53-58 show that Tybalt is harbouring great hatred for Romeo and will go too extreme lengths to see him off. Tybalt also attempts to insult Romeo, by using words such as slave, villain and our foe. Again Tybalt uses strikingly blunt language to portray his feelings of anger about Romeos presence: Ill not endure him This clearly illustrates that Tybalt is far from happy with Romeo being there, despite the fact that his uncle, Lord Capulet, describes Romeo as, virtuous and well governed Finally in lines 90-91 Tybalt utters his strongest words yet: I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall Here Tybalt issues a threat to Romeo that he will exact his revenge which latter in the play he tries to do leading to Mercutios and his own death, the banishment of Romeo which inevitably leads to the plays tragic ending. This, in turn, makes the scene very important but also very memorable. Shakespeare, however, saves the best use of his language for the two main characters first meeting. This first exchange of words is in the form of a perfect Shakespearian sonnet and adds to the ease at which this scene is remembered: If I profain with my unworthiest hand Then move not while my prayers effect I take The lines 95-109 form the sonnet. This is particularly impressive as it is the first time the characters have met and along with their speech forming this sonnet it also forms rhyming couplets. All this only emphasise the fact that the two characters are star-crossed lovers. Shakespeare also creates a spiritual bond between the two using religious imagery such as pilgrims, saints and sinners. Shakespeare also utilises structure to add to the drama of the scene. Shakespeare takes the audience on an emotional roller coaster which again adds to how memorable the scene is. The scene opens with a light-hearted atmosphere. The serving men appear with some humorous moments: Save me a piece of marchpane This humorous opening adds to the importance of the more important issues of love and hate, and makes them more memorable when they come along. Following on from this Tybalt change the feel of the scene by threatening Romeo with revenge for him coming to their party I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall This is particularly memorable due to the sudden change in mood of the scene Finally, Shakespeare ends his scene with the two characters being in love with their only hate My life is my foes debt (Romeo) My only love sprung from my only hate (Juliet) Upon learning the family name of the one that they have just fallen in love with, their thoughts echo each others sentiments: the one thing in life they are forced to hate (each others family) is now the only thing in life they can love; and thus the journey towards the plays tragic end begins. Memorably, Shakespeare has brought together the plays two key themes, love and hate, in this scene. Romeo and Juliets reaction at the end of the scene reminds the audience of the ancient grudge which will act as an insurmountable barrier between the two lovers. This scene also confirms how Romeo and Juliet are star-crossed lovers. The audience Shakespeare would have written this for would be the Elizabethan audience of his time. The audience would be particularly wary of these forces and perfectly aware of mans struggle against them. In the prologue for the play this aspect of the play is illustrated vividly; a pair of star-crossed lovers This would show the audience clearly that the stars were not in favour of these two and something tragic would happen at some point. Romeo also comments about something in the stars at the end of Act 1 Scene 4; My mind misgives some consequence, yet hanging in the stars shall bitterly begin this fearful date This ominous and prophetic closing statement again suggests something is not right about him going to this party. When Romeo and Juliet discover that their new love is in fact their sworn enemy they seem to predict a tragic end to there relationship: My life is my foes debt (Romeo) I must love a loathed enemy (Juliet) This confirms that Romeo and Juliet are not meant to be, however, they cannot stop loving each other and the journey to the storys tragic end has unstoppably begun. Undoubtedly Shakespeares audience would have been familiar with the force of fate and this scene clearly show that the two characters are I fact star-crossed lovers. Furthermore, Romeo and Juliets impulsive actions in this scene, together with their impact on those around them, confirms there status as tragic heroes. Shakespeares audiences, both today and at the time of writing, would have been familiar enough with the dramatic notion of tragedy to realise that, sadly, as a result of this scene, the forces of fate will mean that the play will end, as indeed it does, with Romeo and Juliet paying the ultimate price for their death-markd love

Graduate School Recommendation Letter From Professor

Graduate School Recommendation Letter From Professor Every recommendation letter is unique, written for a particular student. But good recommendation letters share similarities in format and expression. Below is a template showing one way of organizing a recommendation letter for graduate study. Here the emphasis is on the students academic work. The letter begins by explaining the context in which the student is known, followed by details of the work that forms the basis for the writers recommendation. It is the details that count. December 19, 201x Dr. SmithDirector of AdmissionsGraduate School University101 Grad AvenueGradTown, WI, 10000 Dear Dr. Smith: I am writing to you in support of Mr. Stu Student and his desire to attend Graduate School University for the Basket Weaving program. Though many students ask me to make this request on their behalf, I only recommend students whom I feel are well-suited for the program of their choice. Mr. Student is one of those students and therefore, I highly recommend that he be given the opportunity to attend your university. As professor of the Basket Weaving Department at Undergrad University, I work with many students who have substantial knowledge of basket weaving. Mr. Student has consistently shown such a strong desire to learn basket weaving that I simply could not turn down his request for a recommendation. I first met Mr Student in my Intro to Basket Weaving course during the Fall 2010 semester. Compared to the class average of 70, Mr. Student earned a 96 in the class. Mr. Student was evaluated on [explain basis for grades, e.g., exams, papers, etc.], in which he performed exceptionally well. Stu is an outstanding individual with a strong character. He has the ability to produce impressive results in a wide variety of areas. Stu is/has [list of positive traits/skills, e.g. organized, motivated, etc.]. I have seen astonishing results on complex projects that offered great attention to detail where quality was never compromised. Additionally, he has a very positive attitude and truly embraces learning all there is to know about basket weaving. Though Stu has consistently exceeded in all areas of his coursework, the best example of his intelligence shone through a [paper/presentation/project/etc.] on theories of basket weaving. The work clearly showed his ability to deliver a clear, concise, and well-thought presentation with a new perspective by demonstrating [embellish here]. In addition to his coursework, Stu also dedicated some of his] time volunteering at [Club or Organization Name]. His position required him to [list of tasks]. He felt volunteering was an important leadership role, in which he learned [list of skills]. The skills acquired through volunteering will be beneficial to all of Stus future endeavors. Stu has the ability to manage and organize his time and schedule around different activities without having them interfere with his work. school. I believe Stu is destined to be a leader in basket weaving, and therefore is an excellent candidate for your school. I highly recommend that you consider his application, as he will be a great asset to your program. Im sure you will find him to be a student whose talents will only grow. If you would like further information, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely, Tea Cher, Ph.D.ProfessorUndergrad University

Biography of Sociologist George Herbert Mead

Biography of Sociologist George Herbert Mead When fields such as psychology and sociology were still new, George Herbert Mead became a leading pragmatist and pioneer of symbolic interactionism, a theory that explores the relationships between people in societies. More than a century after his death, Mead is widely considered to be one of the founders of social psychology, the study of how social environments influence individuals. Having taught at the University of Chicago for much of his career, he is also associated with what is now known as the Chicago school of sociology. Early Years and Education George Herbert Mead was born on  Feb. 27, 1863, in South Hadley, Massachusetts. His father Hiram Mead was a pastor of a local church but moved the family to Oberlin, Ohio to become a professor at Oberlin Theological Seminary in 1870. His mother Elizabeth Storrs Billings Mead also worked as an academic; she taught at Oberlin College and would go on to serve as president of Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts. In 1879, George Herbert Mead enrolled in Oberlin College, where he pursued a bachelors degree focusing on history and literature, which he completed four years later. After a brief stint as a school teacher,  Mead worked as a surveyor for the Wisconsin Central Railroad Company for a few years. Following that, he enrolled in Harvard University, where he studied psychology and philosophy, but he left in 1888 without a graduate degree. After Harvard, Mead joined his close friend Henry Castle and his sister Helen Kingsbury Castle in Leipzig, Germany, where he enrolled in a Ph.D. program for philosophy and physiological psychology at the University of Leipzig. In 1889, Mead transferred to the University of Berlin, where he began to study economic theory. The University of Michigan offered Mead a teaching position in philosophy and psychology two years later and he stopped his doctoral studies to accept this post, never actually completing his Ph.D. Prior to taking on his new role, Mead married Helen Castle in Berlin. Career At the University of Michigan, Mead met sociologist  Charles Horton Cooley, philosopher  John Dewey, and psychologist Alfred Lloyd, all of whom influenced the development of his thought and written work. Dewey accepted an appointment as the chair of philosophy at the University of Chicago in 1894  and arranged for Mead to be appointed assistant professor in the department of philosophy. Together with James Hayden Tufts, the three formed the nexus of American pragmatism, referred to as the Chicago Pragmatists. Meads Theory of the Self Among sociologists, Mead is most well known for his theory of the self, which he presented in his well-regarded and much-taught book Mind, Self and Society (published in 1934 after his death and edited by Charles W. Morris). Meads theory of the self maintains that the idea people have of themselves stems from social interaction with others. This theory opposes biological determinism  because it holds that  the self does not exist at  birth and may not be present at the beginning of a social interaction, but it is constructed and reconstructed in the process of social experience and activity.​ The self, according to Mead, is made up of two components: the â€Å"I† and the â€Å"me.† The â€Å"me† represents the expectations and attitudes of others (the generalized other) organized into a social self. Individuals define their behavior in reference to the generalized attitude of the social group(s) they occupy. When people can view themselves from the standpoint of the generalized other, self-consciousness in the full sense of the term is attained.  From this standpoint, the generalized other (internalized in the â€Å"me†) is the major instrument of social control, for it is the mechanism by which the community exercises control over the conduct of its individual members. The â€Å"I† is the response to the â€Å"me,† or the person’s individuality. It is the essence of agency in human action. So, in effect, the me is the self as object, while the I is the self as subject. According to Meads theory, the self is developed through three activities: language, play, and game. Language allows people to take on the â€Å"role of the other† and respond to their own behaviors through the symbolized attitudes of others. During play, individuals take on the roles of different people and pretend to be them to express their expectations. This process of role-playing is key to the generation of self-consciousness and to the general development of the self. People must comprehend the rules of the game and internalize the roles of everyone else involved. Meads work in this area spurred the development of symbolic interaction theory, now a major framework within sociology. In addition to Mind, Self, and Society, his major works include 1932s The Philosophy of the Present and 1938s The Philosophy of the Act. He taught at the  University of Chicago until his death on  April 26, 1931. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Pursasive essay on buying versus renting Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pursasive on buying versus renting - Essay Example This is done to take the most appropriate decision according to current financial situation of the world. Economic decisions are extremely important owing to the inflation that has taken place in the world. This results in the want for wise financial choices to prevent the losses that may result. The issue of buying versus renting is an important economic matter. It is a decision that affects the economic condition of an individual for a long time and hence a very careful decision on this subject is required. Renting and buying have their own positive as well as negative points and the final choice needs to be made according to the needs of the individual considering both the present and the future benefits. Buying is basically the purchasing of property where the individual tends to enjoy all rights over his property. The maintenance and every important decision regarding the property are taken by the buyer. The buying may be done by the payment of full amount or it may be done on m ortgage where installments are paid every month. On the other hand, renting is basically a deal with a landlord to use their property on fixed terms and conditions and vital matters lie in the hands of the landlord. A fixed payment is paid every month in the form of rent. According to the analysis performed by the New York Times and which was updated on the eleventh of May 2011, the current global financial situation is better for the option of buying rather than renting. This is particularly true for people who wish to use their property for periods of greater than half a year. The overall financial benefit would be that of $10460 over the six month period (Conner 2010; Quealy et al 2011). Buying makes a person the legal owner of his property. It brings with it a sense of satisfaction that the house that the person is residing in truly belongs to him. He cannot be asked to leave by the landlord as is the case with renting. A person can make any alterations and changes in his proper ty as per his will, without any interference by other people. Buying provides other financial benefits as well. A person receives relaxations in the federal tax payments owing to the reductions of the property taxes as well as the interest of mortgage. With the rising inflation, the cost of living keeps on increasing. The amount of rent also keeps on rising. On the other hand, the installments of mortgage stay fixed and do not increase according to this rule. Therefore, the stability in the cost of living is advantageous for the buyers. During the time period that the person pays the lease, he can also use his property for living and utilize it for any other purpose. This is a benefit as a person basically invests for his own comfort and his monthly payment is not wasted but is rather utilized towards the payment of his property. Furthermore, the property values keep on rising with increasing time. Thus, the lease that the person is paying is basically a form of investment and he wo uld not go in loss. This is because sale of the property after a few years would yield more financial benefit (Conner 2010). According to an economic analyst, Andres Carbacho-Burgos, â€Å"A year ago, it was a better deal to rent. Now you have a significant number of areas, especially those hit the hardest by the correction, where, when you compare prices to rents, you'd be led to believe it's a good time to buy." He provided this analysis in the year 2009 by considering the economic balance between the price of renting and buying in the United States. Renting is an option that may be considered for people who wi

Westward Expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Westward Expansion - Essay Example At this time, America reached the idea of exploring its boundaries up to the shores of the Pacific. Leaders, as well as politicians of the then government used the phrase, â€Å"Manifest destiny,† to present an explanation it was the mission and destiny of the United State to extend its boundaries by act of moving westward. By then, the initial 13 American colonies had grown; there was also an increased desire for acquiring new land. The Westward Expansion entailed various sub-phenomena: The Expedition of Lewis and Clark, the Act of Homestead, the concept of Gold Rush, the Trail of Oregon, and the famous Transcontinental Railroad. All these concepts changed the life of thousands of Americans. People started shifting to the west for land, power, gold, and wealth. Some peoples’ dreams were fulfilled, although often people abandoned the West desperately. Native Americans are intertwined with the Westward Expansion’s historical events. Sometimes encounters between th e Native Americans and those moving West were at times positive and in other times disastrous; was not a great idea for some. Unfortunately, negative encounters emerged from misunderstood values of the involved groups cultures. Work Cited: Billington, Ray A., and Ridge, Martine. Westward Expansion: A history of the American Frontier. 6th ed. Library of Congress cataloging-in-Publication Data, 2001. (pp. 17-46). Quay, Sara E. Westward Expansion. Library of Congress cataloging-in-Publication Data, 2002. 19th C. American Westward Expansion. Accessed 4 Dec. 2011. (pp. 3-8). from http://www.synaptic.bc.ca/ejournal/hstryidx.htm Concerning the phenomenon of Lewis and Clark Expedition, President Thomas Jefferson, in 1803, purchased the Territory of Louisiana, for $15 million from France. By embracing the Act of Expedition, the nation of America registered a growth of approximately 1 million miles square; between the regions of Mississippi to Rockies, as well as between the Gulf of Mexico an d Canada. President Jefferson sent Corp’s of Discovery by William Clark and Meriwether Lewis, in an attempt of obtaining a reliable water route form the Pacific as well as the nation gains an exploration of new territory. In 1862, The Homestead Act was signed in by Abraham Lincoln, in an effort of motivating people to proceed to the west and tend new lands and to take effect on the 1st of January 1863. The Act of Homestead provided about 160 acres to people. Every â€Å"homesteader† had to pay a fee of $10 for filing. Thereafter, they had to occupy the land and establish homes. The ownership was in effect, so long as the land was to be occupied and cultivated for a period of five years. About 270 million acres of land got claimed as well as settled per The Homestead Act. Gold was discovered in January 1848, on the estate referred to as John Sutter in California. In the same year, the findings of the treasurer, gold, was validated by President James Polk; the Gold Rush started. Those who proceeded to the west in search for gold, were termed; the â€Å"forty-niners† (49ers), since many abandoned their homes within the course of the year, 1849. Incidentally, others joined the gold region in 1848 and thus, were referred to as the 48ers. Consequently, California emerged a populous state following the Gold Rush. The United States laid thousands of track miles in 1835 that is in the eastern part. Trains eased the shipping of goods; it also made the cost of shipping go down and the process was quick. There was the emergence of towns and factories started to be established along the route of the railroad. Native Americans

The Challenge Of Population Growth In Africa Economics Essay

The Challenge Of Population Growth In Africa Economics Essay It is generally agreed that the challenge of population growth is one of the most serious obstacles to development faced by LDCs in the 21st century. In the long process of human history, the relationship between the production of material goods and human reproduction is always interdependent. Therefore, a certain economy is the foundation of the existence and development of human beings; meanwhile, the reproduction of human beings is the condition for the development of economy. The historical experience has proved that the population growth has to keep relative balance with the development level of economy; otherwise, the human society will be punished by nature certainly. It is undeniable that the fertility of Africa is always out of control since the independence of African countries. In 1970s and 1980s, the average fertility rate of Africa reached 6.8 and 6.7; however, it was still high was around 5.4 in 2004 [1]. Besides the high fertility rate, the size of African population has never stopped increasing. In 1960, the African population was 282 million, which was 9.3 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ of the world population; however, in 2005, the African population had reached 906 million, which was 14.0 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ of the whole population in the world [2], in the 45 years, the African population increased trebly. Since Africa has the highest population growth rate and the second largest population in the world, the population burden will put more pressure on the development of economy though Africa is always suffering from poverty. To get through difficult situations, the African countries have to recognize the negative effects of rapid population growth on the developme nt of economy. First, the poor capital accumulation is the bottleneck of development in Africa. The development of economy requires solid foundation, and the material capital is the motive force of the development. The classical economist, Adam Smith emphasized that the accumulation of capital was the precondition of specialization [3]. For African least developed countries, they have abundant resource and labor, and the capital input can determine the level of economic development. Either of low capital output ratio and poor capital accumulation will hinder the development. According to the demographers estimation, an 1 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ increase on the population will lead the country to pay 3 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ to 4 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ of gross national income on the investment of additional population [4]. If more national income invests on the population growth, which means the investment on production will be limited strongly. As the rapid increase on the population in Africa, the structure of population is very you thful and the youth dependency ratio is always highest in the world [5]. Every year, African governments have to take a certain share of new output value to invest on the latest additional population, but Africa is also the region comprising many poorest countries. In 2000, the World Bank made public a name list of fifty nine poorest counties in the world, and thirty eight of them were in Africa [6]. Therefore, substantial fund have been ate by the large population, which leads to low saving ratio and large financial gap. The second negative effect of the large population on LDCs refers to the low quality of the population. In fact, the quality of population can determine the quality of labor directly, and human capital is always regarded as the key of the economic development. Theodore Schultz, the winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, believed that a health and highly educated population was playing an important role in a countrys development [7]. However, the high rise of African population really hinders the improvement of human capital. On one hand, the investment from governments on education has fall much behind the rapid population growth in Africa, which leads to extremely heavy pressure on the education, such as the shortage of educational expenditures and teachers, low school enrollment ratio, high illiteracy rate. In 2001, the UNESCO reported that Africa was the poorest continent in education where the literacy rate was less than 60 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [8]. On the other hand, sin ce the mid of 1970s, the African population growth rate was always going beyond the agricultural productivity rate, the self-sufficiency rate of grain and the per capita food expenditure kept decreasing. According to the Malthusian Population Trap, the universal tendency for the population of a country will grow at a geometric rate, however, the food supplies can expand only at a arithmetic tae [9]. Therefore, the food supplies can never satisfy the demand by rapid population growth in Africa. In fact, the African malnutrition population increased from 94 million in 1970s to 210 million in 1990s [10], and now the per capita food expenditure for African population reaches only 85 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ of the standard set by United Nations [11]. Since the African economy really depends on the agriculture and the export of primary products, the physical labor is still needed in the most regions. So, we have to doubt such large unhealthy and uneducated population could make contributions to the ec onomic development in 21st century. Third, the LDCs have to face the high unemployment rate which is brought by rapid population growth. Todaro points that an excess of job seekers over job opportunities in the LDC economy is the one of the major negative consequences of population growth [12]. In fact, it is normal that every country has a certain amount of people are in unemployment, but once the proportion of unemployment is excess, the economic development will be hindered and the whole society will become instable. Since the independence of Africa, every year the population within working age is becoming larger, and the labor force growth rate has excessed the economy growth rate, the economic sectors cannot create enough job opportunities to fulfill needs. In 1990s, there were average 10 million African people seeking job per year, however, the economic sectors could only absorb half of the additional labor force [13]. Even though the largest economy in Africa, the unemployment rate of South Africa was 41.8 ¼Ã¢ € ¦ in 2002 [14]. We can imagine how terribly high the unemployment rate of other more backward African countries is. Therefore, substantial labor force cannot be made full use of in Africa which really hinders the enlargement of production scale and optimization of industrial structure, in return, the economic backwardness will increase the unemployment rate. Eventually, it is hard for the LDCs to get rid of the vicious circle which combines high employment rate and poor economy. In fact, the population growth is a neutral phenomenon, in the 3/4 time of 20th century, the development of economy was accompanied by the population growth. However, the rapid population growth can slow down the economy growth and hinder the improvement of living standard, especially for LDCs whose foundation of economy is quite weak. If LDCs really want to achieve the Millennium Development Goals in 2015, they should recognize the importance of education and health to control the rapid population growth immediately.

Athletes are Overpaid

Athletes are indeed overpaid. According to the â€Å"May 2007 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates†, chief executives, managers, legislators, public relations persons, farmers, ranchers, educators, real estate brokers, hospital managers, and other â€Å"management occupations† only earn approximately â€Å"$40.60 per hour† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).The same is also true for agents of artists and athletes, logisticians, financial analysts, and other â€Å"business and financial operations occupations† who only receives about â€Å"26.87 per hour† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).Similarly, software engineers, systems analyst, computer programmers, and other workers who belong to the category, â€Å"computer and mathematical science occupations† only get â€Å"$33.21 per hour† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).Even landscape architects and civil engineers just get â€Å"$31.14 hourly † (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.). In addition to that, food scientists, economists, psychologists are only paid â€Å"$26.59† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.). Substance abuse counselors and mental health counselors get even much lower since they are only paid â€Å"$17.87 hourly† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).This means that people who have the aforementioned occupations earn only about $40,000 – $90,000 annually (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.). Meanwhile, athletes earn millions; in fact, â€Å"an average NBA player†, for instance earns â€Å"$2.2 million† (CBS Interactive Inc., 1997, n.p.).Farmers for instance play a large role in feeding people, hospital managers contribute largely in saving lives, financial analysts help a lot in making the economy flourish, engineers and architectures build shelters which is one of man’s basic need as well, mental health counselors/psychologists he lp people keep their sanity, while logisticians ensure the security of the country and yet these employees are only receive about $40,000 – $90,000 annually (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).Considering that athletes are paid for punching someone, running, shooting/kicking a ball, etc or for entertainment’s sake only and taking into consideration that they are not even playing a role in saving people’s lives or their job does not even require too much intelligence or thinking (unlike other people for instance educators, doctors, etc) yet these athletes receive extremely high salaries, then this only means that indeed, â€Å"athletes are overpaid† (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2007, n.p.).ReferencesCBS Interactive Inc. (1997). Blacks Top Salary List of NBA Players.Retrieved November 24, 2008 from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_n3_v93/ai_20097766U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2007). Wage by Area and Occupation. Retrieved Novem ber 24, 2008 from   http://www.bls.gov/bls/blswage.htm  

The Culper Ring Americans First Spies

The Research Approach And Design Adopted By Murakami

There has been growing concern amongst researchers in the English as a Second Language (EAL) field, that teachers are not trained adequately enough to teach students, particularly in rural areas. Murakami (2008) undertook research that addressed the second language (L2) educational issue of EAL teacher training as well as its significance to the field of EAL teaching. In her article, she reveals the findings of research she conducted in a rural area of England that was experiencing an increasing number of students who speak English as their L2. She highlights the application of a specific approach to her research, that being an action research, and provides a detailed description and justification of this approach, as well as the steps undertaken during her research. This essay will critically review the research approach and design adopted by Murakami (2008). Murakami (2008) is successful at highlighting the literature on the subject of teacher training, pointing to several studies, including the qualitative study of Beck and Kosnick (2002), which confirms the importance of pre-service teacher education, and the study of Mora (2000) with respect to the need of adequate preparation of teachers involved in language minority education in the US. These studies mirror Murakami (2008)’s claims that EAL teacher training needs to be reviewed and improved, particularly in rural areas. It is clear that she has thoroughly investigated the topic of EAL teacher training, as is evidentShow MoreRelatedWeather Modification : Analysis Of Cloud Seeding2244 Words   |  9 Pagesa scientific approach of altering or manipulating weather deliberately. Baum (2014) asserts that the possibility of using weather modifications have increased significantly. He cites the example of United States, where severe drought had primarily been responsible for reducing the supply of wheat, corn and soybean and escalating prices of these crops. The prescribed article reviews the cloud seeding technique for modifying weather conditions and to induce rain. The article has adopted qualitativeRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesFoundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management